Purchase Requisition vs. Purchase Order: Understanding the Key Differences

Procurement can seem like a world full of jargon — and two terms that often cause confusion are purchase requisition (PR) and purchase order (PO). Although they sound similar and are closely linked in the purchasing process, they serve very different purposes and occur at different stages. Whether you’re a business owner, a procurement professional, or just curious about how organizations manage their purchasing, this blog post will break down the differences between a PO requisition and a purchase order, their roles, and why they matter.

What is a Purchase Requisition?

A Purchase requisition (or PO Requisition) is an internal document created within an organization to request the purchase of goods or services. It’s essentially the first step in the procurement process, where an employee or department identifies a need and seeks approval to move forward with acquiring it.

Key Features of a Purchase Requisition:

  • Internal Request: A PO requisition is used within the organization and is not sent to suppliers or vendors.
  • Approval Process: It typically requires approval from a manager or the finance department to ensure the purchase aligns with the budget and organizational needs.
  • Details Included: It outlines what is needed, including item descriptions, quantities, estimated costs, and the reason for the purchase.
  • Non-Binding: A Purchase requisition does not commit the organization to a purchase; it’s a preliminary step to gain authorization.

 

For example, imagine an office manager notices the team is running low on printer paper. They’d create a purchase requisition detailing the type and quantity of paper needed, submit it to their supervisor for approval, and wait for the green light to proceed.

What is a Purchase Order?

A purchase order (PO) is a formal, legally binding document issued by a buyer (the organization) to a seller (the supplier or vendor) to confirm the purchase of goods or services. It’s created after the PO requisition has been approved and serves as an official agreement between the buyer and seller.

Key Features of a Purchase Order:

  • External Document: A purchase order is sent to the supplier to place the order.
  • Binding Agreement: Once accepted by the supplier, it becomes a contract that outlines the terms of the sale, including price, delivery dates, and payment terms.
  • Specific Details: It includes precise information like item descriptions, quantities, agreed-upon prices, shipping instructions, and terms of delivery.
  • Tracks the Transaction: A PO helps both parties track the order, ensuring what’s delivered matches what was ordered.

 

Using the same example, once the office manager’s PO requisition for printer paper is approved, the procurement team would issue a purchase order to the office supply vendor, specifying the exact type of paper, quantity, price, and delivery date.

Key Differences Between a Purchase Requisition and a Purchase Order

To make things clearer, let’s compare the two side by side:

differences between purchase requisitions and purchase orders

Why the Distinction Matters

Understanding the difference between a purchase requisition and a purchase order is crucial for streamlining procurement processes and maintaining financial control. Here’s why:

  1. Budget Management: PO requisitions ensure that purchases are vetted and approved before any money is committed, preventing overspending or unauthorized purchases.
  2. Clear Communication: Purchase orders provide suppliers with precise instructions, reducing the risk of errors in delivery or pricing.
  3. Audit Trail: Both documents create a paper trail, which is essential for tracking purchases, resolving disputes, and conducting audits.
  4. Efficiency: Separating the request (requisition) from the order (PO) allows organizations to maintain a structured workflow, especially in larger companies with multiple departments.

Common Misconceptions

  • They’re the Same Thing: Some people assume a PO requisition and a purchase order are identical, but as we’ve seen, they serve different purposes at different stages.
  • Only Large Companies Use Them: While formal procurement processes are common in big organizations, small businesses can also benefit from using requisitions and POs to manage spending and maintain clear vendor relationships.
  • PO Requisitions Are Unnecessary: Skipping the requisition step might seem faster, but it can lead to unapproved purchases, budget overruns, or misaligned priorities.

When to Use Each

  • Use a PO Requisition when you need to request approval for a purchase within your organization. This is ideal for ensuring the purchase is necessary, budgeted, and aligned with company goals.
  • Use a Purchase Order when you’re ready to place an order with a supplier. It formalizes the transaction and ensures both parties are on the same page.

Digital Transformation of Procurement

Procurement software like Lasso has streamlined this process significantly. Key features of Lasso’s system include:

  • Converting requisitions to purchase orders automatically after competitive bidding and award.
  • Track approval workflows in real-time.
  • Maintain digital audit trails.
  • Integrate with accounting systems for seamless financial management.
  • Provide analytics on procurement cycles and spending patterns.

Final Thoughts

In summary, a purchase requisition and a purchase order are two sides of the same coin in the procurement process. The requisition is about getting internal approval to spend, while the purchase order is about committing to a purchase with a supplier. By using both effectively, businesses can maintain control over their spending, reduce errors, and build stronger relationships with vendors.

Whether you’re managing a small team or overseeing a large corporation’s procurement, understanding these tools will help you navigate the purchasing process with confidence. Procurement software like makes it easy for users to submit requisitions, track approvals, manage sourcing events, and automatically convert purchase requests to purchase orders to be transmitted to the supplier.

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